Researchers discover a seafloor oasis made of hundreds of glass sponges.
Howe Sound, British Columbia—Through the submersible's acrylic
viewport, a large patch of glass sponges looms up from the seafloor of
Howe Sound (map),
a network of fjords located on Vancouver's doorstep. The sponges glow
creamy white and orange under the sub's high-intensity lamps and extend
across a 40-foot-high (12.2-meter-high) mound.
This week, the
Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society
(CPAWS) and Nuytco Research mounted the first submarine expedition to
the glass sponge reefs found in Georgia Strait off of Vancouver.
The
expedition aims to check on the status of these sponge reefs, which
currently have no protection from damage by fishing activities, and to
raise awareness of their existence.
The Howe Sound reef—which
Aquarius will
explore over the course of six dives—was first discovered in 2008,
making it the most recently discovered sponge reef in southern British
Columbia.
Glass sponges are found across the globe. But only along
British Columbia's continental shelf do they grow over the skeletons of
their dead ancestors to form massive deepwater reefs. This buildup is
thanks to high levels of dissolved silica, which the sponges use to
build their glass skeletons, and strong currents of cold water laden
with nutrients.
"The sponge communities provide refuge for
juvenile fish and they have a large filtering capacity, so they provide
an important ecological function," says Bruce Reid, regional manager of
Fisheries and Oceans Canada in Vancouver.
READ THE FULL STORY BY ANNE CASSELMAN
HERE AT NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC